测对话的话题和内容,从理论上讲, 50%的听力技巧与预测有关;在播放试音部分时,不要力求完全听懂,只要求迅速适应播音者的语音语速即可。
根据历年经验,考生在前五个听力小题上失分过多。真正的原因在于,这些题只读一遍,考生心神不定,第1个听不清,稍作迟疑,第2个又过去了。因此,最好的办法是,听清一个做一个,不在听不清处纠缠;不求全部拿下,但求能拿下的必须拿下。这样,你就会尽可能多得分。1—5不紧张,6—8不放松,9—10紧跟上,要顾后。
听力三部曲
1. 听前稳定情绪,抓紧预测:通过快读选项,对可能的问题重点预测和对话或文章的大致内容通篇预测。并试读一下问题与选项中自己感觉陌生的地名、人名、或生单词。
2. 听中高度集中,抓关键词:在听的过程中,通过起始句,标志语,关键词等对文章内容进行预测,同时也包含着对听前预测的分析,修正,整理及再预测。
3. 听后迅速回忆,梳理信息:有些涉及到时间,价格,数字的试题往往要经过简单的加减乘除计算。听中最好记数,脑记和笔记相结合,以便换算;记录的如日期、数字、时间或人名地名等。相信第一感觉,当机立断,决不能反反复复,不可因一题失多题,影响后面的答题。
*阅读理解(30分)
争取找到答案的依据,每个问题的答案均应可在原文中找到相关的语句或段落。关注体裁结构。高考阅读理解文章写作构思模式与命题内容有一定关系,
主要的体裁结构是:
1)说明文:提出问题(说明要点);→分析问题(说明过程);→解决问题(说明结果) ;
2)议论文:提出论点(主题主旨); →论证论点(证明是非);→得出结论(重点进一步阐明);
3)应用文:根据题目仔细搜寻答案
4)新闻评论:叙述事实;→引用别人的评论来分析论述;→得出结论或重申事实。
5)记叙文:人不离事,事不离人。写人的文章事情是重点;记事的文章人物是关键。注意把握人物的情绪起伏,要进入“角色”,客观做题。
题型1、细节题
细心划线稳得分,带着问题去读,准确掌握细节。
明确题意,顺藤摸瓜。找准关键词,(however, but),明白暗示作用。
题型2:主旨概括
主旨概括题的范围包括:短文标题、主题、大意或段落大意等。做这类题目时,要迅速地剔除文中的细节事实、作者所使用的论据,找到各段的主题句,然后进行归纳、总结和概括。 注意:概括出来的中心意思一定要能够覆盖全文或整个段落,绝对不可离题太远、太笼统,或者只概括一段或几句话的意思。干扰项或是远离文章内容,或是以偏概全。主题常与该段首句、尾句相关。
题型3:词义辨别/猜测猜测词义时,一定要回到原文中,因为没有上下文就没有词义,不可仅凭印象。①认真阅读原文,尤其是该词所在的句子及前后句,推断出生词词义。②以构词法为指导,通过同义词,反义词的提示发现生词词义。③巧用解释线索,如破折号;冒号;括号等。
题型4. 推理判断题。
1)审题仔细。常见问法包括 infer, learn from, conclude; imply等。
2)根据上下文的内在联系,挖掘文章的深层含义。
3)对于暗含的倾向,意图,观点和态度进行合乎逻辑的推理,判断和分析。
4)数据推算题,抓住正确的与数据有关的信息,排除干扰信息。
题型5. 识图解意题
1)文图结合,互相参照,验证。2)地图要方位明确。3)方位介词及相关信息的正确理解。
Tips:
1.先看文章再做题,先看题再读文章,两方法各有利弊。高考时不要临时改变自己一贯熟悉的做法。
2 .最好先大概扫一眼文章,再细读全文。遇个别词、句不明白应大胆向前看,不要频繁回读。
3. 注意文章标题,这是全文中心意思的体现。
4. 借助跳读找细节,借助掠读找中心。扩大眼幅,争取一眼看三四个词。
5. 全文中心体现的是各段之和。干扰项或是远离文章内容,或是以偏概全。段落中心常与该段首句、尾句相关。
6. 猜测词义时,一定要回到原文中,因为没有上下文就没有词义。事实细节确认题一定要核准原文,划出题目关键词和文中关键句,将选项与关键句意义对照,不可仅凭印象,不可粗心。
7. 推理判断题应注意从文章作者立场出发,从短文中找答案,而不是问你的看法,不可脱离文章。
建议:
1)细心划线稳得分 应用笔在文中作分析符号,在答题依据旁标注题号,表示这个问题我是有据可查的。对于乱猜的, 最好在题号前作个标记有时间再作思考。
2)做阅读题时, 如发觉时间不够, 应及时调整答题顺序, 先做语法填空,改错或写作文, 做完这些后再来做剩下的阅读理解.
* 七选五阅读( 10分)
注意语句的衔接,两个相邻的句子能够衔接,空白句与前后句之间大多有信息的重叠(词语或意义上的相同或相近,相对)等,我们在做题时就要特别注意把握这些信息的结点。
七选五中常见关键词有:同根词,相同词,反义词,近义词,同范围词,代词,数词,衔接词等。
常见的句子间的逻辑关系有:并列,递进,转折,举例,因果,数字顺序等。
解题步骤:
1.速读文章,预测大意、分析结构
2.结合选项,找出对应关键词
3.看空所在位置及空前空后内容,分析之间的逻辑性
4.灵活掌握答题顺序(先易后难)
5.代入答案,再读文章,核查逻辑关系。
主旨大意把握好,读懂选项更重要,关键信息相匹配,核查排除不可少。
*完形填空(30分)
完形填空考查的是考生的语篇理解的能力,通过上下文的联系选正确项将短文还原,重在理解上下语境和辨析选项中的四个词义,文体大多是先叙后议。
解题技巧:
1. 速读全文,了解大意。第一遍:要跳过20个空弄清文章大意,理清文章结构,把握文章主旨(首句与尾句)和人物关系、事件经过。
2. 紧抓语境,先易后难。第二遍:排除障碍语境:作者的写作态度和意图,还有具体的语言语境运用:逻辑分析与推断能力等,同时,将当时不会的问题留下或先随意选一个,全文做完后回头补上。
3. 前后联系、首尾呼应。在初步选出自认为正确的选项后,应根据上下文认真复核所填选项。
复核时查看:
1) 文章意思是否通顺 2) 前后是否连贯 3) 结构是否完整
完形填空选词中常见方法:
1.上下语境辨词推测法。2.常识判断法。3.语法句式分析法。4.上下文词汇复现法。5.习语搭配法。6.排同求异法。7.先易后难法。
*语法填空(15分)
解题程序: 通读全文,了解大意,以句为单位,从易到难,各个解决,复查检验。语法填空往往覆盖面广,一般不会出现重复考查某个语法点的现象。
1、给出动词原形,可以考虑三个方向:填写谓语部分,有可能需要填写两个或三个词;或是填写非谓语动词;或是进行词性词形转化(转为名词、形容词等);
2、给出形容词,需要填写比较级、最高级,或词性词形转化,转化为副词、名词等,或是填写反义词(前缀);
3、给出副词,填写比较级、最高级,或是填写反义词;
4 给出名词,一般填名词复数,或改为动词,形容词,副词等;也可能考查所有格
5. 不给提示词,主要填写介词、连词、冠词、代词或从句引导词。我们要按照上下文逻辑、意思进行填充,认真回忆老师平时所讲的语法填空解题技巧(考前再重温)。
短文改错(10分)
通览全文,了解大意,然后以句子为单位进行降级处理,排正求错。可将句子进行成分划分,分为主语、谓语、宾语等几个部分,然后逐一排查,找出病疾,对症下药。看看主、谓、宾、状等成分是否有误,看看主语和谓语、谓语和宾语的搭配是否正确,如此等等。一般说来,十个错误都不是单词拼写错误问题而是语法错误,错误都比较明显且有代表性。
解题方法:
(一)动词形:主要错误包括:①动词的时态和语态错误,②主、谓不一致的错误。③and 前后动词时态不一致;④缺少动词,特别是be动词; ⑤第三人称单数形式错用; 也有可能考查到情态动词和虚拟语气(suggest/advise/insist sb. should do sth.; It is time sb. did sth.)
(二)名词数:指名词单、复数形式及所有格的用法错误及名词前的冠词用法错误。
(三)注意形和副:牢记系动词(be/feel/become/get/turn/keep/remain/stay(保持)+形容词,且这类动词无被动; 形容词在句中多用来做定语(名词之前)、表(系动词之后)、补语(如:make /find/feel/think +宾语+形容词)等,而副词常作修饰词,只能在句子中作状语,修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词或整个句子,注意:be +副词+done。
(四)非谓动词细辨别:常查点:不定式的to的要与否、动名词作主语、宾语时;and/or 连接的不定式或动名词前后是否一致(尤其距离较远时);介词后+v-ing;某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。最多的还是区分doing(表主动)/done(表被动)
(五)习惯用法要记住: 主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识。其错误表现形式主要有三种:多词、少词和搭配错误(尤其注意介词的正确与否)。
(六)句子结构多分析: 无论主句还是从句对句子结构和句子主要成分(主谓宾,主系表)要作细致的分析,才能找出用词不当的错误。
注意:
1. 核对错项时,若的确有一时难以改出的地方,可以参考所改动项是否基本符合“1:1:8”的比例。即多一词1个,缺词1个,错词8个。以句号为单位,每句一般不超过两个错误.(即0-1-2)
2. 核对改正的语法项目是否有重复。因为短文改错往往覆盖面广,一般不会出现重复考查某个语法点的现象。(偶尔谓语,非谓语,代词,介词,引导词有重复的可能),也一般不会两个词汇挨着出错。
3. 核对答题符号是否规范,位置是否准确,看看有无遗漏符号,忽略字母大小写和拼写等问题。
充分考虑老师平时发下的改错题的解题技巧(考前再重温)。
书面表达(25分)
写作程序:
1.认真审题:圈出要点或根据要求写出几点要点;同时下笔前做到五审:审好时态、人称、体裁、段落、要点。
2.谋篇和遣词成句:事先在草稿上写上几个常用的好句。凡是开放性或半开放性文,一定要先把必要的要点用中文拟好几句,免得写时无从下笔或前言不搭后语。写好后只要译出来就行,译时注意用好短语或好句型,写出的句子一定要符合主谓宾或主系表句式,确保一句一谓。确保开头结尾没错误,特别是不可以有句子结构和动词错误。
3.誊写:字迹工整。
*获高分的五大特征:
1. 条理性(合理布局文章结构)。排好段落(一般为三段式),层次分明,重视开头与结尾,结尾是总结句。
2. 准确性。人称,时态没错误,语态,用词和句法上尽量少错误,要扬长避短。
3. 流畅性(行文连贯) 。主要手段是合理地用好上下句之间必要的承接词和过渡词及插入语。
4. 简洁多样化。语言简洁,不重复。从词语上,尽可能运用已经学过的而且比较熟悉的词组、短语或成语;从句式上,力求变换各种句式,如:被动句、强调句、倒装句、各种从句和固定句型等,长句和短句交错使用;可以用非谓语。
5. 思想性(增加人情味,让人读起来更亲切) 。文中一般不用直接引语的对话形式。
6. 工整性。书写一定要工整清晰,非要涂改,不要在此词上改,可用一条横线划掉,再作修改千万别“涂鸦”,卷面马虎的一般作文在18分以下。
7. 写完后要认真通读一遍。改正错误,尤其是时态、人称、主谓一致、习惯用法、单词拼写等。词数量是否符合要求等,一定不少于十行三段,每段第一句最好是主题句,结构清晰。开头结尾力求没有错误,任何文字题不能写出框外。
书面表达中值得注意的几点再重申:
*写足词数不少于100,写满十行。文后最多余一至两行的空白。
一定要工整,涂改要力求最少并规范。
*开头结尾段一定要没错误。一般来说,宜短不宜长。
*没说要标题一定不加标题。不是满有把握不要用名言警句。文中不用对话。
*一定要分段,三段。
*善于到前几项中,尤其是阅读理解中找可借鉴的好句子、好词组,但一定要避免成段抄袭。
*单词间字母要紧凑,两个单词间不太密,每行为10到12个单词为宜。
8.不得泄露校名
如考试时间剩余,一定要检查:
*有没有遗漏或没有做完的题目答题卡上有无漏涂、错涂现象;
*复查自己没有把握、有疑问的地方,尤其是标记有?的地方;
*检查试卷和答题卡上是否有与答案不相干的文字或符号;
*复查书面表达前3句与后3句有没有错误。
再罗嗦几句(这是血的教训):
☆没有百分之百的把握,不要轻易改动第一次做好的答案。
☆建议同学们在答题的过程中分四批(1-20、21-35、36-40、41-60)涂写答题卡,(在做主观题前一定要把已做完的客观题涂好在答题卡上)。客观题和主观题都做完之后,可以说此时已经是胜券在握,最后再利用剩余的时间检查没有把握的试题,对于有把握的答案就不要再浪费时间了。
☆主观题注意书写规范。
考试前过一遍不规则动词表,以前背过的范文,老师发的3张油印资料(10篇信件范文、必背句型、作文常见拼写错误)
传统美德词汇:traditional virtue传统美德;honesty诚信;punctuality守时;modesty谦虚;kindness善良;bravery勇敢;hospitality热情好客;diligence勤劳
审题动笔写作文前,先把常套用开头结尾句型、常拼错的单词等提前写在草稿上,高分学生要提前写几句平时积累的优美句型在草稿上,以免写作时忘记。(但切忌生搬硬套,要灵活变通,不同类型的信件语言组织不同。)
Knowing that youare interested in music, I’m writing to invite you to take part in our party.
I am writing to ask for more information about the tour to London. First of all, …In addition,… Finally, …
I’m writing to apply for a position……
I’m writing to express my thanks to you for……
The party will be held in the school meeting hall at 2:00 pm next Friday.
The most significant thing you should bear in mind is that…
I’m sure you will have an unforgettable experience.
I would appreciateit if you could……
Looking forward to your reply.
英语考试是最后一科,无论前面三科如何,都已过去,不再考虑了,要稳定心态将英语正常甚至超水平发挥,要坚信英语这150分会给自己带来更满意的丰收。
Best wishes to you!
三、故事分享
What goes around comes around
One day a man saw an old lady, stranded on the side of the road, but even in the dim light of day, hecould see she needed help. So he pulled up in front of her Mercedes and gotout. His Pontiac was still sputtering when he approached her.
Even with the smile onhis face, she was worried. No one had stopped to help for the last hour or so. Was he going to hurt her? He didn’t look safe; he looked poor and hungry. He could see that she was frightened, standing out there in the cold. He knew how she felt. It was those chills which only fear can put in you. He said, “I’m here to help you, ma’am. Why don’t you wait in the car where it’s warm? By the way, my name is Bryan Anderson.”
Well, all she had was a flat tire, but for an old lady, that was bad enough. Bryan crawled under the car looking for a place to put the jack, skinning his knuckles a time or two. Soon he was able to change the tire. But he had to get dirty and his hand shurt.
As he was tightening up the lug nuts, she rolled down the window and began to talk to him. She told him that she was from St. Louis and was only just passing through. She couldn’t thank him enough for coming to her aid.
Bryan just smiled as he closed her trunk. The lady asked how much she owed him. Any amount would have been all right with her. She already imagined all the awful things that could have happened had he not stopped. Bryan never thought twice about being paid. This was not a job to him. This was helping someone in need, and God knows there were plenty, who had given him a hand in the past. He had lived his whole life that way, and it never occurred to him to act any other way.
He told her that if she really wanted to pay him back, the next time she saw someone who needed help, she could give that person the assistance they needed, and Bryan added, “And think of me.”
He waited until she started her car and drove off. It had been a cold and depressing day, but he felt good as he headed for home, disappearing into the twilight.
A few miles down the road the lady saw a small cafe. She went in to grab a bite to eat, and take the chill off before she made the last leg of her trip home. It was a dingy lookingrestaurant. Outside were two old gas pumps. The whole scene was unfamiliar to her. The waitress came over and brought a clean towel to wipe her wet hair. She had a sweet smile, one that even being on her feet for the whole day couldn’t erase. The lady noticed the waitress was nearly eight months pregnant, but she never let the strain and aches change her attitude. The old lady wondered how someone who had so little could be so giving to a stranger. Then she remembered Bryan.
After the lady finished her meal, she paid with a hundred-dollar bill. The waitress quickly went to get change for her hundred-dollar bill, but the old lady had slipped right out the door. She was gone by the time the waitress came back. The waitress wondered where the lady could be. Then she noticed something written on the napkin.
There were tears in her eyes when she read what the lady wrote: “You don’t owe me anything. I have been there too. Somebody once helped me out, the way I’m helping you. If you really want to pay me back, here is what you do, do not let this chain of love end with you.” Under the napkin were four more $100 bills.
Well, there were tables to clear, sugar bowls to fill, and people to serve, but the waitress made it through another day. That night when she got home from work and climbed into bed, she was thinking about the money and what the lady had written. How could the lady have known how much she and her husband needed it? With the baby due next month, it was going to be hard… She knew how worried her husband was, and as he lay sleeping next to her, she gave him a soft kiss and whispered soft andlow, “Everything’s going to be all right. I love you, Bryan Anderson.”
There is an old saying“What goes around comes around.”
梦想不是挂在嘴边炫耀的空气,而是需要认真的实践,等到对的风,我们展翅翱翔。
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